PSILOCYBIN

Multiple clinical trials have investigated psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy for treatment-resistant depression, with a phase 2 trial comparing it to escitalopram showing no significant difference on the primary outcome but secondary outcomes generally favoring psilocybin. Open-label feasibility studies demonstrate marked and sustained reductions in depressive symptoms following two dosing sessions. Preliminary evidence also supports potential utility for PTSD, end-of-life anxiety, and addiction, though no controlled PTSD trial has been conducted. Evidence is limited by small sample sizes, lack of control groups in some studies, and insufficient correction for multiple comparisons. Larger and longer trials are needed to establish efficacy relative to established treatments.