GHK-CU
Naturally occurring copper-binding tripeptide that promotes wound healing, collagen synthesis, and tissue regeneration.
GHK-Cu is endogenous to human plasma, saliva, and urine, with serum levels declining from ~200 ng/ml at age 20 to ~80 ng/ml by age 60. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate wound healing acceleration, collagen synthesis stimulation, and anti-inflammatory effects across skin, lung, bone, liver, and gastrointestinal tissue. Preliminary animal data suggest partial reversal of cognitive impairment in aging mice via anti-inflammatory and epigenetic pathways. Despite extensive preclinical evidence and widespread cosmetic use, there is a surprising absence of controlled clinical trials evaluating systemic efficacy in humans. Most published data comes from in vitro studies, animal models, and cosmetic application studies with limited methodological rigor.